ISP and TCP/IP
ISP and TCP/IP
Internet service provider (ISP)
An Internet Service Provider (also known as an ISP or even as an IAP, internet access provider) is a firm that offers subscribers access to the internet.
This internet service provider maintains large runs of cabling and maintains network services in order to transfer and deliver web content to those paying the subscription fee.
Typically, these internet service providers focus on DSL, Cable modem, wireless, and more recently, dedicated high-speed interconnects such as fiber optic service.
This internet service provider maintains large runs of cabling and maintains network services in order to transfer and deliver web content to those paying the subscription fee.
Typically, these internet service providers focus on DSL, Cable modem, wireless, and more recently, dedicated high-speed interconnects such as fiber optic service.
While far less common, ISPs still offer dial up internet service, which is gradually become a phased out.
An Internet Service Provider is a complete package of services, which should be researched and considered before an Internet Service Provider is selected.
An Internet Service Provider is a complete package of services, which should be researched and considered before an Internet Service Provider is selected.
For most users, the most important qualification (beyond the ever present price point) is the speed of the connection.
Depending on the intended use, there are a myriad of different internet services, and even varying levels of coverage within each and every service.
The slowest of these is dial-up internet service.
Depending on the intended use, there are a myriad of different internet services, and even varying levels of coverage within each and every service.
The slowest of these is dial-up internet service.
Mid-Range services available for home include Cable Internet or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) service.
While DSL is available as slow as 128 Kilobits per second (just slightly more than twice the speed of dial-up service) most of these providers have since upgraded their capacity and provide service as fast as 3000 Kilobits per second.
For most people, this is sufficient however there are currently faster services available to those who either desire them, or require them to operate their business.
While DSL is available as slow as 128 Kilobits per second (just slightly more than twice the speed of dial-up service) most of these providers have since upgraded their capacity and provide service as fast as 3000 Kilobits per second.
For most people, this is sufficient however there are currently faster services available to those who either desire them, or require them to operate their business.
All in all, an Internet Service Provider has the very complicated job of setting up and maintaining a network to connect its users to the internet.
The inner workings of an ISP vary significantly from company to company, and much of their inner workings are company secret.
Once a level of connectivity is decided upon, it's simply up to the buyer to research their alternatives, and determine the best solution for their budget and needs.
The inner workings of an ISP vary significantly from company to company, and much of their inner workings are company secret.
Once a level of connectivity is decided upon, it's simply up to the buyer to research their alternatives, and determine the best solution for their budget and needs.
Protocols
For proper communication, entities in different systems must speak the same language
there must be mutually acceptable conventions and rules about the content, timing and underlying mechanisms
Those conventions and associated rules are referred as “PROTOCOLS”
there must be mutually acceptable conventions and rules about the content, timing and underlying mechanisms
Those conventions and associated rules are referred as “PROTOCOLS”
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TCP/IP is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet.
It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet).
When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP.
It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet).
When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP.
TCP/IP is a two-layer program.
The higher layer, Transmission Control Protocol, manages the assembling of a message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet and received by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the original message.
The higher layer, Transmission Control Protocol, manages the assembling of a message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet and received by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the original message.
The lower layer, Internet Protocol, handles the address part of each packet so that it gets to the right destination.
Each gateway computer on the network checks this address to see where to forward the message.
Even though some packets from the same message are routed differently than others, they'll be reassembled at the destination.
Each gateway computer on the network checks this address to see where to forward the message.
Even though some packets from the same message are routed differently than others, they'll be reassembled at the destination.
TCP/IP uses the client/server model of communication in which a computer user requests and is provided a service by another computer (a server) in the network.
TCP/IP communication is primarily point-to-point, meaning each communication is from one point in the network to another point or host computer.
Many Internet users are familiar with the even higher layer application protocols that use TCP/IP to get to the Internet.
These include the World Wide Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet (Telnet) which lets you logon to remote computers, and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). These and other protocols are often packaged together with TCP/IP as a "suite."
These include the World Wide Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet (Telnet) which lets you logon to remote computers, and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). These and other protocols are often packaged together with TCP/IP as a "suite."
TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
End-to-end data transfer
connection oriented
reliable delivery of data
ordering of deliver
connection oriented
reliable delivery of data
ordering of deliver
IP (Internet Protocol)
The core of the TCP/IP protocol suite
Two versions co-exist
v4 – the widely used IP protocol
v6 – has been standardized in 1996, but still not widely deployed
Two versions co-exist
v4 – the widely used IP protocol
v6 – has been standardized in 1996, but still not widely deployed
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